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Water Productivity of Sugarbeet Vs Sugarcane Cultivation in Punjab
Simranjit Singh ; Baljinder Kaur Sidana; Sunny Kumar
other
Year: 2018, Volume:4, Issue : 9
Pages: 61 - 69
The present study examines the water as well as energy saving of sugarbeet vis-Ã -vis sugarcane crop in Punjab agriculture. It also compares the cost and return structure of sugarbeet and sugarcane cultivation in Punjab state so as to further strengthen the agricultural feasibility of sugarbeet in the country. The results revealed that growth in the sugarbeet area in World was positive till eighties, declined and turned negative thereafter depicting a significant decrease of 2.44 per cent per annum in the last fourteen years. Production does not exactly follow the same pattern as the drop in the sugarbeet area has been mitigated by significant increase in the yield by 2.48 per cent in the same period. Primary data pertaining to the year 2013-14 was collected using personal interview method from a sample of 40 sugarbeet growers scattered over 22 villages of three districts of Punjab namely Amritsar, Gurdaspur and Kapurthala through purposive sampling technique. The comparative economics revealed that the total variable cost was four times higher in sugarcane than sugarbeet whereas sugarcane crop gave much higher returns than beet crop. The per hectare net returns came out to be Rs. 24112 for sugarbeet where as it was Rs.100513 for sugarcane depicting a difference of Rs. 76401. Although the net returns were lower but the beet crop was effective in saving of irrigation water to the tune of 7020 cu.m/ha. The per hectare water productivity in beet crop was 13.98 kg per m3 where as in sugarcane it was 8.17 kg per m3, clearly showing that the productivity of sugarbeet was much higher than sugarcane crop. The important constraints in the cultivation of this crop were labour scarcity, high wages of hired labour, inadequate price, perishability of the crop and high incidence of insect-pest attack.
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Utilization of PV Solar Farm as a STATCOM in a Distribution Networking
T. Vignesh ; M. Gowtham; G. Mohana Priya; R. Neelavathi; S. Gowtham Raj
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Year: 2018, Volume:4, Issue : 9
Pages: 70 - 75
PV solar farms produce power during the day and are completely idle in the nights. This paper presents utilization of a PV solar farm as a STATCOM in a distribution networking to compensate the voltage level. A reference voltage is fixed in the comparator, then it compares two voltage signals and determines the drop voltage.PIC16F877A microcontroller is used to provide the pulse signal to the IGBT inverter to turn switch on and off based on coding. According to the switch condition the solar energy is used to improve the voltage level. This STATCOM functionality will provide the voltage regulation and improves the stability and transfer limits far beyond minimal incremental benefits.
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Ultrasonic Investigation of Molecular Intractions in Acetone and Carbon Detra Chloride
K. Premkumar ; S. Vanisri
Physics
Year: 2018, Volume:4, Issue : 9
Pages: 76 - 79
Ultrasonic velocity measurement is a vital tool in industry (chemical and food processing), medicine, material testing (flaw detection) and cleaning (Ultrasonic baths). More recently it has been applied to process monitoring and material characterization. Ultrasonic velocity together with density and viscosity data furnish sufficient information about the interactions between ions, diploes, H-bonding, multi-polar dispersion forces and elastic forces. Hence, the ultrasonic technique seems to be a complementary to spectroscopic and dielectric methods.
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Performance Analysis of Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) under Unsymmetrical Fault Condition
Harsha Shrivastava ; Amrita Kranti Mishra; Amit Kumar Yadav
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Year: 2018, Volume:4, Issue : 9
Pages: 80 - 86
The most noticeable topic for electrical engineering is power quality in recent year. Power quality problem is an occurrence manifested as a nonstandard voltage, current or frequency. Utility distribution networks, sensitive industrial load and critical commercial operation suffer from various types of outages and service interruption can cost significant financial losses. One of the major problems dealt here is the voltage sag. With the fast development in power electronics technology have made it possible to mitigate power quality problems. Dynamic Voltage Restorer is a series connected power electronics based device that can quickly mitigate the voltage sag in the system and restore the load voltage to the pre-fault value. In this paper we go through to relevant power quality problems for a DVR and power electronics controllers for voltage sag and swell mitigation. Thereafter the operation and elements in DVR is described. In this thesis proposed utilizes the error signal to control the triggering of the switches of an inverter using Unit Template Vector Technique (UTVT). Modelling and simulation of proposed DVR is implemented in MATLAB SIMULINK.
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Renewable Energy Based Land Ploughing Tractor with Wireless Control
K. Dhivya ; S. Darffini; N. Nandha Kumar; S. Hari Prasath; M. Yogaraj
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Year: 2018, Volume:4, Issue : 9
Pages: 87 - 93
The paper aims on the development of renewable energy resources is an alternate for fossil fuels. The tractor use DC motor instead of combustion engine which act as a hybrid vehicle by using power from solar panel and EB supply. The system is used for land plougher operation and soil moisture sensing and controller controls the movements of the tractor by wireless controls. Additionally the soil moisture level in the land is sensed and displayed.
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A Review of Studies on Investor Protection
M. Hema Lavanya ; Dr. N. Jayaprada
Administration and Management
Year: 2018, Volume:4, Issue : 9
Pages: 94 - 99
Enormous increase in the financial market operations, unpredictable augments in the awareness levels of the customers about the financial products and the risks associated with them, mounting up of the number of financial frauds, techniques that the companies use to earn profits, and many other factors become the challenge for the survival of the financial and capital markets universally. A necessity arose for the financial regulators to introduce the concept of Investor Protection and Investor Education in order to safeguard their best interests. The financial crisis also had emphasized on the prominence of the financial awareness and protection to buffer investors from the market upheavals. The current paper is a representation of an organized literature review with dependable referencing, and conclusions that were drawn from different logical rivulet of theories relating to the study “Investor Protection: Awareness among Professionals (with special reference to Central Visakhapatnam)†undertaken by the researcher.
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Review of Studies on Micro Small and Medium Enterprises
Kolluru Soumya ; Dr. N Jayaprada
Administration and Management
Year: 2018, Volume:4, Issue : 9
Pages: 100 - 106
A research study entitled, “Impact of Select Government Policies towards MSMEs: Evidence from Odisha and Andhra Pradesh†was undertaken by the researcher with the objective of measuring the impact of selected Government policies on the financials of MSMEs, the quality of their product and the overall enterprise development. An attempt is made to understand the varying perceptions of the policy makers, the policy implementers and the policy beneficiaries (MSMEs) which indeed gives rise to the gaps that make the policies ineffective. The researcher adopts a case study type research method. The research process includes a mixed methodology. It involves both quantitative as well as qualitative analysis of primary data as well as the large pool of secondary data. As part of the above research study, the existing literature has been reviewed. The literature thus reviewed constitutes the content of the current paper.
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Enhancement of Insulation Properties of RAFM Steel Surface by Development of Thin Film Coating of Aluminium Oxide by Laser Technique
S. P. Chakraborty ; N. K. Chakraborty; Madan Gopal Krishnan
Mineral & Metallurgical Engineering
Year: 2018, Volume:4, Issue : 9
Pages: 107 - 114
Reduced activation Ferritic/Martensitic steel (RAFMS) is a potential candidate material for structural applications specially as coolant channels in the Indian Test Blanket Module System (TBM) for International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). In order to prevent any pressure drop effect during the flow of metallic coolant of Pb-Li liquid through the RAFMS cooling channels due to magneto-hydrodynamic effect (MHD), surface coating with high electrical insulating properties is required prior to use. Hence, in the present study, investigations were carried out to develop coating of alumina (Al2O3) on RAFM steel substrate by pulse laser deposition (PLD) technique as alumina has unique properties of high electrical insulation properties. Moreover, by laser technique, it was possible to obtain defect free surface with impervious layer of thin film coating of alumina which is responsible to render high electrical insulation property. Laser pulse transformed the meta-stable Al-O (γ) phase present in the alumina target into thermodynamically stable Al-O (α) phase in the coating. Maximum coating thickness of 2 µm was achieved having uniform and defect free surface. High electrical insulation property in terms of electrical resistivity was achieved (electrical resistivity value: 2.14 x 106 ohm.cm). The alumina coating further showed very high hardness of value of 400 VHN and high adhesive strength of the order of 15 MPa.
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FPGA Realization of Optimized Digital Down Converters for WCDMA and CDMA 2000
Prasanna S. C. ; Joy Vasantha Rani S. P.
Electronics & Communication Engineering
Year: 2018, Volume:4, Issue : 9
Pages: 115 - 124
This paper aims to provide an efficient design of digital down converters (DDC) that are used in receiver section of software defined radios (SDR). SDR is a radio in which some or all of the physical layer functions are software defined, making it flexible, upgradable and reliable wireless communication structure. In digital signal processing (DSP), a digital down-converter, converts a digitized real signal centered at an intermediate frequency (IF) to a baseband complex signal centered at zero frequency. In addition to down conversion, DDC’s typically decimate to a lower sampling rate. WCDMA and CDMA 2000 are some of the third generation applications of SDR and thus the implementation of optimized DDC structure for these applications is presented. The DDC is first designed in MATLAB Simulink tool (R2012B) and codes are generated using MATLAB. Then the verilog codes are written for the same structure using proposed SHIFT and MUX based multiplier. Both the designs are synthesized on Altera Cyclone II EP2C35F672C6 field programmable gate array (FPGA). The model built using proposed SHIFT and MUX based multiplier provides an area improvement of 77.01% and 78%, speed improvement of 26.73% and 27.05% for WCDMA DDC and for CDMA 2000 DDC respectively, making it suitable for SDR application.
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A Statistical Study on Customer Adoption to E-Technology in Banking Services, Salem Corporation
Mr. M. Valavan ; Hajira Banu
Science & Humanities
Year: 2018, Volume:4, Issue : 9
Pages: 125 - 129
The concept and scope of e-banking is silent in the transitional stage. E-banking has broken the barriers of branch banking. This research is carried out the services, importance in business, advantages, challenges and adoption of E-banking for public that proper use of E-banking become a solid tool to educate, inform and groomed the social level and it is also produce an responsiveness that how it is effecting in everyone life the deteriorate social norm, society standards and ethics of society and create awareness among public.
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Abstract
